Finally, language help that opens the world to the special needs traveler!

Working Holiday Australia

Genna's Blog! "Packed & Ready"

Thought I’d share this exciting article with you!    

Working Holiday Australia by Lisa Valentine

Ok, you’ve spent years revising, spent a fortune on beer and take-aways and now you’re anxiously awaiting the results of the exams you’ve just sat, with fingernails bitten away and an unhealthy fear of the sound of the letterbox. The next few years depend on these results – the rest of your life may well depend on these results! So what is it to be, MacDonalds worker or ambitious graduate?

Well whatever your results may be why not consider getting away from the stresses and strains of the last year, having a holiday of a lifetime AND getting paid to boot? Doesn’t that sound good? More and more young people are deciding to spend up to a year on working holidays, making the most of their freedom by having experiences of a lifetime whilst earning cash to pay for it all.

Almost 335,000 students will graduate from University this year, all of them looking for a job in this competitive climate. So what will make you stand out from among the rest? Well let’s look at it this way, which is an employer more likely to hire, the fresh-faced University student who has spent the last year with his nose in his books and has barely been outside the college campus? Or you, the graduate who left University a year ago and has since then developed organisational skills, has experience of working in a team and using your own initiative and who is not afraid of getting your hands dirty? So not only does a working holiday involve fun, beer and perhaps a little romance, but it also means enhancing your CV and putting a little money in your pocket – not to mention giving you plenty of stories with which to impress the opposite sex. It’s a no-brainer!

Australia has long been the popular country amongst backpackers and students. The weather is gorgeous; the beaches are long, golden and sandy; the ocean is warm and inviting; the cities are young and vibrant and best of all – there are plenty of work opportunities! We’ll give you the best guide to some of the opportunities that await you in the land Down Under, we’ll tell you how to get there and what to expect when you arrive.

Working Holiday Visa

First thing’s first. Unfortunately you cannot enter Australia without a visa. But happily the process  of obtaining a working holiday visa is fairly straightforward, largely due to the fact that Australia welcomes young temporary migrants who are there to work and in fact some of Australia’s agricultural industry relies on temporary overseas workers. Now if you are American you will need to apply for a visa subclass 462, more information on which is at the Australia Department of Immigration and Citizenship. For Brits and Europeans it’s the visa subclass 417 that you need to apply for. The visa allows young people from 18-30 the freedom to travel and work in Australia for up to a year – you can even leave Australia during that time and return later in the year. The longest you can stay with any one employer though is 6 months – it’s worth bearing that in mind. You can also study in Australia for up to 4 months. And if you find that a year in this fabulous place just isn’t enough, you do have the option to apply for a second working holiday visa. Look at our own Australia visa guide for more information.

You could have your working holiday visa within days!

Don’t worry about endless reams of paperwork involved in the visa application process, these days you can apply online making the process even simpler and quicker. The cost of applying is $230 AUD, around £133, the cost of a single night out in London for the experience of a lifetime! Once you’ve submitted your application online you can check on its progress anytime but with the efficient electronic visa system the DIAC has in place, you could have your application finalised within two working days!

Working in Australia

There are a plethora of jobs you can go for in Australia, from fruit picking to waitressing. You can decide to risk it and find a job once you are in Australia or you can start making enquiries now. Once you have a rough idea of who employs who it might give you a better idea of which area of Australia you want to head for. One thing to remember though when packing – take your CV.

City Employment

– You can approach employment agencies over in Australia and see what they have on offer. Much like a British employment agency, they’ll take your details and experience and let you know what’s available. This might be the easiest way to obtain employment in the city, of course you could get footsore going from bar to bar offering your services, but if there’s an easier way it makes sense to go for that! Many of the temporary jobs during the tourist season are going to be working in the public sector, so bar work and waitressing are going to feature highly, but you can also do housekeeping, babysitting and office work.
One word of warning though, competition for employment in the city can be tough in the tourist season, so if you want to stand out from the rest it may be an idea to volunteer in your local establishment for a few weeks before jetting off so that you have a little experience under your belt. And remember, popular cities like Sydney may have more jobs on offer, but there’ll also be more competition for those jobs.

Agricultural/horticulture work

– Seasonal work always demands lots of workers over a short period of time, making it ideal work for students. It may be back-breaking work at times under the hot sun, but it generally pays well and in most circumstances workers can get accommodation on the farm meaning there are very little in the way of outgoings. It’s not all about fruit picking either, some farms need tractor drivers, cow milkers and general labourers.

Working on a farm means you pick up all sorts of skills.

Farm jobs

- Living and working on a farm also means that you get to experience the ‘real’ Australia and spend some time embracing all that the outback has to offer. What’s more is that there is often a chronic shortage of agricultural workers so there is less competition. It’s also sociable work as you usually get to stay with other workers and a local community is formed, leading to some long lasting friendships. This work is ideal for young people not afraid of hard work and willing to have an adventure!

Picking fruit jobs

- If fruit picking in Australia is your thing then you need to be aware of Australia’s harvest seasons. It’s a great way to travel around Australia picking up work as you go along. It’s possible to get some fruit picking work all year round so long as you know where to head for. Here are the general harvest seasons for each region of Australia.

  • New South Wales – November to April is the busiest period with workers need for fruit orchards, asparagus, onions and cotton. Bananas are picked all year round in the Coffs Harbour Area.
  • Queensland – December to March are the busiest months here fruit and vegetable picking.
  • South Australia – February to April is when the grapes are picked around the vineyards. The Barossa valley is one of the more famous vineyards but there are plenty to choose from such as the Southern Vales.
  • Tasmania – December to March fruit picking.
  • Victoria – November to April is the fruit picking season.
  • Western Australia – October to June is the time for fruit and grape picking but if you don’t mind fishy smells, March to November is great for working in the fishing industry around the west coast close to Freemantle and Carnavon. For bananas and mangoes try the Kununurra region.

Hostel work

– Some hostels take on workers in return for board and lodgings. It’s a great way to meet people, the pay isn’t great but if you’re staying in a hostel there’s no harm in asking if they need any temporary work doing. Or you could always call round before you set off, many hostels get busy in the tourist season and will be planning to take on casual staff during this time.

Working as a volunteer can be incredibly rewarding.

Volunteer work

– Ok it may not pay but it’s a great way to put something back into the country you are visiting and to notch up some valuable experience on your CV. You could work for environmental organisations, nature conservation, disabled or disadvantaged children or wildlife organisations. It’s a great way to learn new skills and meet likeminded people. We’ve written a whole guide to volunteering in Australia, read it here.

So what are you waiting for? Why join the queue at the job centre once you leave college or University? Get ahead of the rest and do something that will provide a talking point for years to come.

The following agencies may be able to help point you in the right direction:

Free Spirit

Go Workabout

Jobs to do

Aussie Farm Jobs

Volunteer Abroad

This information is from www.embraceaustralia.com

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Is First Class Worth It?

Genna's Blog! "Packed & Ready"

Is First Class Worth It?

 The difference between a first class and coach ticket on an airplane is astronomical; most people sitting at the very front of the plane have probably ended up there as the result of an upgrade or the use of mileage credits. Since everyone arrives at their destination at the same, is it worth it to do what it takes to get a first class seat?

 My answer is maybe…and I say that after having returned to San Diego from Chicago earlier this week via first class, after redeeming a big chunk of my frequent flyer miles. Here are my criteria for making a first class decision:

 Is the flight long enough? If you’re not going very far, and thus won’t be in air too long, then does it really make sense to burn miles or upgrade opportunities just to be able to sit in a bigger seat? I think not. If you’re on a longer flight, however, it might make very good sense. My almost 4-hour flight definitely qualified.

Is there food involved? If you’re flying during a mealtime, then first class can be a great alternative to sitting in “no meal service” coach. I had a pretty good breakfast as we winged our way west: cheese omelet, bagel, potatoes and fruit.

Do you like being pampered? From being able to board the plane first and having a drink before takeoff to freshening yourself with a hot towel, first class does afford some “luxuries” that coach does not. I wouldn’t make my decision based solely on this criterion…but that’s just me.

Do you need the extra room? In addition to enjoying wider seats, you’ll also have more legroom in first class. Since I’m neither a large or tall person, this is merely icing on an already great cake for me.

 In a couple weeks, I take to skies again to head to Washington D.C. It would be really nice to go first class across the country, but alas, I used up most of my “juice” on my Chicago trip…so I’ll be back in coach with the masses. I’ll just have to take solace in the fact that those first class folks won’t get there any quicker than me.

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Cinque Terre: A region beyond compare

Finally! Your Freedom to Travel...

Cinque Terre: A region beyond compare

Five little villages virtually etched into the rocks between the sea and the hills create the Cinque Terre region. There is much to see and do in this area, from hiking and swimming to wine tasting and admiring gorgeous sunsets. Get yourself an Italy Rail Pass and explore each of the five villages to discover their charm and character.

This area is comprised of, Monterosso, Vernazza, Corniglia, Manarola and Riomaggiore. Taking a train or walking between these villages are the easiest ways to get around. There are few roads providing access for cars.

Cinque Terre translates into “five lands”. This translation stands for the five villages. The biggest village of Cinque Terre is Monterosso al Mare. Here you will find a beach,castle and a 17th century monastery containing some valuable works of art. It is the most touristy of the villages.

Monterosso is a spectacular town and is nearly split by the tunnel and the mountains. Visitors walking down from Vernazza will come upon the old town with a beached section right in front of them. Definitely take time to stroll through this area and take in all it has to offer. It is filled with many small, character enriched streets where you can find shops and delightful restaurants.

There is the newer part of town also, however, it is not quite as charming as the old town. You can find hotels and newer style restaurants in the new town. It is a nice area, just lacks the charm and appeal the old town boasts.

Lets move on to Vernazza now. Vernazza is considered to be the favorite village in the Cinque Terre region. The village is dominated by the Round Tower and the ruins of medieval fortifications. Visitors especially come to visit the harbor that can be found next to the village square.

You can spend the day walking around the town, then head to the square for a bite to eat. You can sit by the harbor and enjoy your lunch while watching the waves on the ocean or treat yourself to a nice dinner and gaze at the setting sun.

Next stop, Corniglia. What sets this village apart from others in the Cinque Terre region is the fact that it is not immediately connected to the sea. It is noted for its vineyards and olive groves, as it stands proudly on the principal road over a rocky cliff dropping to the sea.

The San Pietro Church can be found here in Corniglia. It is one of the most interesting gothic monuments of Liguria and the Cinque Terre. The church was built in 1334 on the remains of an 11th century chapel and was then done up.

Below the square of the church, there is a black stone building with gothic arches. Folklore identifies this building as having the old post of the Fieschi family.

To reach Corniglia, it is necessary to climb the Lardarina, which is a long brick flight of steps composed of 33 flights with 377 steps. You can also follow a vehicular road that leads you to the village from the main rail station.

An amazing town with awe-inspiring views! Don’t miss it on your trip!

The fourth village is Manarola. This village was founded during the 12th century. It is considered to be the most characteristic village of the Cinque Terre. The people found in this village add a great deal to the character that surrounds the town. A village of warm, welcoming people is what you’ll find here!

Be sure to stop by the gothic style church found atop the hill above the residential area. The church dates back to 1338. You can stroll up a bit further and visit the cemetery of Manarola. From the cemetery you’ll notice a path that skirts the sea, have a walk down and you’ll come to pebbled beaches to spend a few hours on.

Our last stop in the Cinque Terre is Riomaggiore. Riomaggiore is the most southern village of the Cinque Terre. It was founded in the 8th century by a group of Greeks. In 1276, this village fell under rule of Genoa.

Visitors to Riomaggiore marvel at the medieval type architecture that make up the town. One of the must-sees in this village is the church of Saint John Baptist. It makes up a big part of the landscape found in this village and certainly worth a look.

Amongst the different attractions which can be found here in Riomaggiore, above all, be sure to see the Via dell’Amore – the Path of Love. It is a path that winds along the coast, above the sea, offering unforgettable views and connects the village to Manarola.

While we’ve given you a taste of the Cinque Terre, to truly appreciate the area, you must go and see it for yourself. It is a terrific vacation spot, especially for those who enjoy hiking, walking and swimming. With so many trails, as well as ample amounts of water to dive into, you’ll have plenty to do to keep you busy!

For those of you who are not too much into the athletic side of life, you’ll find many things for you as well. Everything from sitting in a square people-watching, to photographing the breathtaking scenery that lies before you.

Go today and experience all the Cinque Terre has to offer, it will be a trip of a lifetime!

For more information check out www.raileurope.com

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If you want to see Italy, planning is key

Finally! Your Freedom to Travel...

I thought I’d share this great article I read about Italian travel!

If you want to see Italy, planning is key

Pittsburgh Business Times – by James Cannon

For an art lover, Italy is home. Unfortunately, many people in the world agree and crowd the galleries and museums often making visiting them an ordeal. With a bit of planning, the lines can be cut shorter and in some cases, avoided all together.

During a recent trip to Florence, I had some time to visit the Uffizi gallery. This gallery is the primary showcase for many of the better known Italian painters, such as Da Vinci, Bellini, Michelangelo, Raphael, Titian and Botticelli, as well as other European artists. Anyone who has taken an art appreciation course in school is familiar with many of the paintings, but to see them first-hand is a special treat.

The lines, under normal circumstances, usually take more than an hour just to get up to the ticket office. In the summer, that time can easily double. If you are planning a visit to Florence, you can avoid the lines by purchasing your ticket online at: www.uffizi.com.

The city of Florence itself cannot be seen in less than three days, and three weeks may still not be enough time. Not long ago, trying to plan a trip to Italy that included more than one major city in a week’s time was tricky due to the difficulty of traveling within Italy. In December, a new rail tunnel section was opened that has dramatically changed all of that. At a cost of $8 billion, the new rail section now allows one to go by train from Florence to Rome in a little more than an hour. It also has created a new rail schedule from Rome to Milan in less than three hours. One can now easily visit Florence and Rome in the same week.

If Florence cannot be seen adequately in three weeks, Rome will take a lifetime. Although I have been visiting Rome for more than 30 years, I think I still need another 30 years before I really know the city. Some personal favorite sights, such as the Pieta in St. Peter’s cathedral and Michelangelo’s statute of Moses in the San Pietro in Vincola Church, are still awe inspiring. They are now physically far removed from public viewing, but still worth the time to visit.

Security surrounding some of these art treasures has become as irritating, but perhaps as necessary as security at our airports. Fortunately, some modern technology does help. In years past while in Rome, my wife and I enjoyed spending a half-day at the Galleria Borghese. We thought it was a bit of a secret place because we rarely saw other people at the gallery. The rest of the world now knows our secret. Today, the only way to visit is to obtain tickets beforehand at www.galleriaborghese.it.

With high speed rail transportation and Internet ticket sales, Italy has come into the 21st century. Fortunately, the charm and ambiance of Italy, which has attracted people from around the world for hundreds of years, has not been lost.

Read more: If you want to see Italy, planning is key – bizjournals Business Travel Guide -

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Does the Customer Come First?

Genna's Blog! "Packed & Ready"

Does the Customer Come First?

When you think about great customer service, does the travel industry come to mind? Unfortunately, we hear about travel nightmares way more often than stories of travel professionals who’ve gone above and beyond…but today I have one those “good” tales for you.

 I traveled last week from San Diego to Sacramento on a well-known low-fare airline. Our outbound trip up was unmemorable, except for the 1.5-hour weather-related delay, but the way home was anything but.

 One of my traveling companions couldn’t find her cell phone as we buckled up for the journey south. We figured it must be in her suitcase, which was stowed in the overhead compartment.

 During the trip, the two of us did some work, pulled from a file folder that I stashed in the seat back pocket in front of me. When we landed, our focus was on the phone…which we soon learned had been left in a cab in Sacramento. The story of how the phone was returned to her is too long to get into, as I had my own misplaced item to worry about.

 Yes…that file folder! I thought I’d learned my lesson when I lost a book about Boston en route to that city years ago. My loss was some other passenger’s gain…as long as he looked in the seat back pocket.

 As soon as I realized I didn’t have my folder, I called the airline, thinking it would be a long shot to ever get it back. Lo and behold, it was in my possession the very next day.

 The airline representative I spoke with was really nice. She called baggage claim in Tucson, where the plane was headed, and alerted them about the forgotten folder. I provided my seat location and that’s all they needed.

 This experience has definitely made me a little more loyal to that airline, because its team provided customer service that exceeded my expectations. I “rewarded” them by sending a nice letter to the powers that be…and I suggest you do that, too, when you receive better than expected service. Maybe if more people commended excellence, we’d see it more often.

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Discover Scotland. Stay in a Castle!

Finally! Your Freedom to Travel...

Scotland is a land of castles. There are mighty fortresses on rocky crags,strong towers and fortified houses, as well as fine mansions in the ‘ScotsBaronial’ style. A wealth of castle architecture can be enjoyed – as well as tales of drama, dark deeds and romance within their ancient walls!

 The oldest fortresses

The earliest fortresses were wooden constructions – long vanished –built on top of piled-up mounds or ‘mottes’. However, on the island of Wyre, Orkney, there is a small rectangular tower enclosed by a ditch.

A Norseman called Kolbein Hruga built it around 1145. Cubbie Roo’s Castle, as it is known today, is probably the earliest stone castle in Scotland.

Castle Sween, south-west of Lochgilphead in Argyll, is the oldest mainland stone castle.

 With the Scottish nation’s warlike story, its earliest castles have been battered by siege-engines and cannon, altered, rebuilt and, in some cases, even vanished entirely. A good example of how the old fortresses evolved over the centuries can be seen at Urquhart Castle in the Great Glen, with its distinctive ruined fortifications overlooking Loch Ness.

Another time-worn setting is that of Kildrummy Castle in north-east Scotland. Its atmospheric ruins once housed the occupying forces of King Edward of England during the Wars of Independence in the early 14th century. Of similar age, Caerlaverock Castle has stood guard over the Solway Firth since the late 13th century. Inevitably, its position close to the Border meant in its time it was besieged both by the English (1356-7) and the Scots (1312) when it sustained much damage.

 The Guardians of Scotland

Ancient mottes and ruinous castle sites are just part of the sheer variety of castle visiting options. Some of these very old sites, partly because of their strategic importance, have been continuously occupied for centuries. Edinburgh and Stirling Castles, for example, have been at the centre of Scotland’s story.

Edinburgh Castle stands as a symbol of Scotland. It was at the castle in 1566 that Mary, Queen of Scots gave birth to her son, who became King James VI of Scotland and I of England following the Union of the Crowns in 1603. The Scottish Regalia, the ‘crown jewels’ of Scotland are displayed in the Castle today. Stirling Castle was one of the most strategically important castles in Scotland, controlling the main routes between Highland and Lowland. Not surprising, it looks down upon some of the most famous battlefields in Scotland’s history.

CASTLES OF SCOTLAND |

Stately homes

When more peaceable times came to Scotland, some of the old fortified places were gradually rebuilt and extended with a degree of luxury. There are numerous examples here, including some of the best-known and most spectacular castles in Scotland, including the magnificent Scone Palace, ancient crowning place of Scottish monarchy and the home of the Earls of Mansfield. Equally historic, and also within easy reach of Perth, Blair Castle is the seat of the Dukes of Atholl, who hold the unique Scottish honour of being permitted to own a private army!

Atmosphere, spectacle and romance

For sheer atmosphere, visit Tantallon Castle, near Edinburgh, where its old red sandstone curtain wall has guarded a sea-edged headland for centuries. You’ll find the same austere and thrillingly menacing(!) atmosphere at Dunnottar Castle near Stonehaven. Zeffirelli’s Hamlet (starring Mel Gibson) even used it as a backdrop. And nobody could look into the bottle dungeon of St Andrews Castle without a twinge of fear. (No-one ever escaped from it.) However, Scotland also does romantic castles very well. Mary, Queen of Scots escaped from Lochleven Castle only because a pageboy took pity on her, while the settings of Eilean Donan Castle in the Highlands, and Kilchurn Castle near Oban are definitely romantic in their loch-and-mountain settings.

Castles on film

If a few of Scotland’s castles look a little familiar – that’s because they turn up on film from time to time. Doune Castle was the backdrop to the famous scene in Monty Python and the Holy Grail involving a giant wooden rabbit. Drummond Castle Gardens became the home for the villainous Duke of Montrose in Rob Roy, while the romantic Eilean Donan Castle was also a backdrop in Highlander and more recently in the James Bond movie The World Is Not Enough.

Haunted or just plain spooky?

Scotland certainly has its share of spooky tales associated with castles. What are we to make of the apparently ghostly presence in Skaill House on Orkney? Or the story of the billeted troops who collectively fled (in their bare feet!) out of Delgatie Castle in Grampian. How did Glamis Castle in Angus acquire its reputation as one of the most haunted castle in Scotland? There’s a ghostly piper at Culzean Castle, a large yellow monkey at Drumlanrig (they say) and a card game with the Devil himself at the House of the Binns. From a white lady in Falkland Palace to a green lady in Fyvie Castle – best to keep your eyes open – you never quite know what you might see!

 Scotland’s Castle Trail

One way of seeing some of the very finest castle architecture in Scotland is to follow Scotland’s Castle Trail, in Grampian. Standing aside from some of the more turbulent episodes in Scotland’s warlike story, many fine old fortresses survived in this area. Besides, the north-east corner had its own particular castle-building traditions, so that today, impressive places like Craigievar stand much as their masons built them – unique survivors from a ‘golden age’ of castle building.

www.aberdeen-grampian.com/scottish-castles.htm

 Visiting a castle

The National Trust for Scotland and Historic Scotland care for a huge range of castle properties in Scotland, from scanty ruins to magnificent stately homes. Consider one of their special tickets if intending to visit several places.

Historic Scotland offer an Explorer Pass which gives worthwhile entryfee reductions. The pass is valid for either 3 out of 5 days, 7 out of 14 days or 10 out of 30 days and offers savings on admission costs to 75 of Scotland’s top attractions. For more information and costs please visit their website www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

Similarly, The National Trust for Scotland offer a Discovery Ticket which gives admission to The National Trust for Scotland’s attractions, valid for 3, 7 or 14 days. Prices start from £16 for a 3-day adult pass. For more information and costs please visit their website www.nts.org.uk

 Stay in a castle – or get married in one

And if you want to experience the ambience of a castle, then there are several places where you can stay as a guest, from ancient seats to grand mansions in the ‘Scots Baronial’ style: www.visitscotland.com/accommodation/castle

And if staying in a castle is romantic, then actually getting married in a castle is, well, unforgettable. There are plenty of places available – either castles which are now hotels or those castles and stately homes, still in private ownership, which offer their facilities for weddings. Remember, too, that both the National Trust for Scotland and Historic Scotland have plenty of expertise in staging weddings and are well worth considering.

Full information on www.visitscotland.com/scottishwedding

CASTLES OF SCOTLAND |

SOUTH OF SCOTLAND

Ayton Castle

Abbotsford House

www.scottsabbotsford.co.uk

 Historic House

Brodick Castle, Gardens & Country Park (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Castle

Caerlaverock Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Culzean Castle & Country Park (NTS)

www.culzeanexperience.org

 Visitor Attraction

Drumlanrig Castle & the Queensberry Estate

www.drumlanrig.com

 Castle

Floors Castle & Gardens

www.floorscastle.com

 Visitor Attraction

Lochranza Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

Manderston

www.manderston.co.uk

Mary, Queen of Scots’ Visitor Centre

www.scotborders.gov.uk/museums

 Visitor Attraction

Mellerstain House

www.mellerstain.com

 Historic House

Neidpath Castle

www.visittweeddale.com/what_to_do/neidpath_castle.php

Paxton House

www.paxtonhouse.co.uk

 Historic House

Thirlestane Castle

www.thirlestanecastle.co.uk

 Historic House

Threave Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Historic House

Traquair House

www.traquair.co.uk

 Historic House

EDINBURGH AND LOTHIANS

Blackness Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Craigmillar Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Crichton Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

Castle

Dalmeny House

www.dalmeny.co.uk

Dirleton Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Edinburgh Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Palace of Holyroodhouse

www.royalcollection.org.uk

Hopetoun House

www.hopetounhouse.com

 Historic House

Lauriston Castle

www.cac.org.uk

 Visitor Attraction

Lennoxlove House

www.lennoxlove.com

 Historic House

Linlithgow Palace (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Historic Attraction

Tantallon Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

House of the Binns (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Historic House

Bothwell Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Chatelherault Country Park

www.southlanarkshire.gov.uk

 Visitor Attraction

Craignethan Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Newark Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Pollok House (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Historic House

GREATER GLASGOW AND CLYDE VALLEY

The Hill House (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

Historic House

Inveraray Castle

www.inveraray-castle.com

Castle

Kilchurn Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

Mount Stuart

www.mountstuart.com

 Visitor Attraction

Stirling Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Torosay Castle and Gardens

www.torosay.com

 Garden

Castle Campbell (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Callendar House

www.falkirk.gov.uk

 Historic House

Doune Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

Castle

Duart Castle

www.duartcastle.com

Castle

Dumbarton Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Dunstaffnage Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Historic Attraction

WEST HIGHLANDS AND ISLANDS, LOCH LOMOND, STIRLING AND TROSSACHS

Aberdour Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

Castle

Blair Castle

www.blair-castle.co.uk

 Castle

Castle Menzies

www.menzies.org

Culross Palace (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Historic House

Drummond Castle Gardens

www.drummondcastlegardens.co.uk

 Garden

Dunfermline Abbey and Palace (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Historic Attraction

Falkland Palace, Garden and Old Burgh (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Historic Attraction

Glamis Castle

www.glamis-castle.co.uk

 Castle

Huntingtower Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Visitor Attraction

Kellie Castle (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Historic House

Loch Leven Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

Scone Palace

www.scone-palace.co.uk

 Historic House

St Andrews Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Historic Attraction

PERTHSHIRE, ANGUS & DUNDEE AND THE KINGDOM OF FIFE

ABERDEEN AND GRAMPIAN

Step back in time through the last millennium of our country’s heritage on Scotland’s only Castle Trail.

Aberdeenshire is unmatched in the richness of its surviving castles. Scotland’s Castle Trail brings some of the

most splendid examples of castellated architecture together on a clearly signposted tourist trail.

www.aberdeen-grampian.com/scottish-castles.htm

Ballindalloch Castle

www.ballindallochcastle.co.uk

 Castle

Balmoral Castle

www.balmoralcastle.com

 Visitor Attraction

Balvenie Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Brodie Castle (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Castle

Castle Fraser (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Castle

Corgarff Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

Castle

Craigievar Castle (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Castle

Crathes Castle, Garden and Estate (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Visitor Attraction

CASTLES OF SCOTLAND |

The information contained here is correct at the time of going to print.

we can accept no responsibility, for any errors or omissions contained in the article.

www.visitscotland.com

Delgatie Castle

www.delgatiecastle.com

 Castle

Duff House (HS)

www.duffhouse.org.uk

 Visitor Attraction

Drum Castle, Garden and Estate (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Castle

Dunnottar Castle

www.dunechtestates.co.uk

 Castle

Edzell Castle and Garden (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Fyvie Castle (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Castle

Haddo House (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Historic House

Huntly Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Kildrummy Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Leith Hall, Garden and Estate (NTS)

www.nts.org.uk

 Historic House

Spynie Palace (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Historic Attraction

Tolquhon Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Visitor Attraction

THE HIGHLANDS OF SCOTLAND

Armadale Castle Gardens and Museum of the Isles

www.clandonald.com

 Visitor Attraction

Castle of Mey

www.castleofmey.org.uk

Castle

Cawdor Castle

www.cawdorcastle.com

 Castle

Urquhart Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Castle

Dunrobin Castle

www.castles.org/Chatelaine/DUNROBIN.HTM

Dunvegan Castle

www.dunvegancastle.com

Eilean Donan Castle

www.eileandonancastle.com

 Castle

THE OUTER ISLANDS

Earl’s Palace – Birsay (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

Bishop’s Palace and Earls Palace – Kirkwall (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

 Historic Attraction

Kisimul Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

Scalloway Castle (HS)

www.historic-scotland.gov.uk

Skaill House

www.skaillhouse.com

 Visitor Attraction

Thank you Disover Sotland for all of the Great info!

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A professor finds DNA that can turn emotional stress into physical illness

Finally! Your Freedom to Travel...

 

I read this article on the train.  Great for all of you with health concerns.  It makes me want to relax and take another vacation!

Misery in the Genes

A professor finds DNA that can turn emotional stress into physical illness

 Noah Berger for The Chronicle

The research done by Steven W. Cole demonstrates the increasing sophistication of psychoneuroimmunology, the study of connections between mind and health.

By Helen Fields

Misery isn’t just depressing, it’s bad for your health. People going through stressful events, like divorce, are more likely to get sick. People who are HIV-positive see their condition worsen more quickly if they don’t have good social support. But nobody knows exactly how mental stress causes illness and death.

Now a study by researchers at the University of California at Los Angeles and several other institutions has come up with an actual biological pathway: a chain of molecules that connects stress to disease through genes. The scientists also learned that some people can get through tough times without ruining their health, thanks to a particular genetic variation that breaks the chain.

The study, published this spring in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, is wildly multidisciplinary, spanning psychology, molecular biology, immunology, and epidemiology. That posed challenges in lining up grants, says Steven W. Cole, an associate professor of medicine at UCLA, who led the research. But the study’s success signals the growth and increasing sophistication of Mr. Cole’s field, psychoneuroimmunology, the study of connections between mind and health.

Robert Ader, a professor of psychiatry at the University of Rochester, coined the discipline’s name around 1980, when he was studying animals that could be psychologically “tricked” into suppressing their immune systems. The animals were fed saccharin-flavored water and simultaneously dosed with a drug that suppressed the immune system. Later, just the taste of saccharin was enough to suppress their immune systems. Psychology appeared to affect biology.

“That was not received with open arms by the immunology community,” Mr. Ader says. Thirty years later, however, it is more established that the brain and immune system are linked. He says Mr. Cole’s study, which points to a specific biological connection between the two, should further convince doubtful scientists: “It takes it out of the area of all this psychological mumbo jumbo that they don’t understand and ties it down, physically, in a manner that is understood by the biomedical community.”

Widening the Genetic View

Until recently, most of the links found between psychology and health have been only correlations. It has been tough to figure out exactly how stress, or any other environmental factor, affects a gene. Scientists have tried to link genes to environment by pinpointing those that they know contribute to a disease. Then they looked to see whether environmental factors affect those genes, perhaps by increasing their activity. But scientists using this method limit themselves to only those genes they already think might be involved, because the entire pool of suspects—there are 20,000 to 25,000 human genes—is too large to examine.

Mr. Cole wanted to avoid making these narrow prejudgments. He took inspiration from scientists who scan the entire human genome looking for genes that can be linked to diseases. He developed a computer program with a specific goal: to find mutations in stretches of DNA that attract transcription factors, molecules in a cell that activate genes. Transcription factors can be pushed into action by environmental factors like stress. A mutation in the DNA regions that attract them, which are called binding sites, could disrupt this “on-off switch” and thus change the stress response.

The computer came up with thousands of such mutations. In the list of genes that were physically near the mutations, one stood out: interleukin 6, which makes an immune-system protein that is great if you cut yourself—it helps turn on the inflammatory response, which brings infection-fighting cells to the area—but a problem if you make it all the time. In the long term, it can lead to constant inflammation, which is bad for the body. “It’s almost like a generic fertilizer for the diseases that most often kill us,” Mr. Cole says. “Things like coronary heart disease, the most prevalent kinds of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, probably Type 2 diabetes as well” are all linked to chronic inflammation.

Close to the interleukin 6 gene, the computer had turned up a binding site for GATA-1, a transcription factor. “But there was no guarantee that the whole thing the computer recognized took place in reality,” says Mr. Cole. So he did a series of experiments to figure out if GATA-1 was indeed the messenger that brings news of stress.

Stressing Out Genes

He started with cells in the lab. Cells, of course, cannot be exposed directly to, say, a death in the family, but there are other ways to stress them out. “If you squirt a stress hormone, norepinephrine, on some cells, you actually see activation of this GATA-1 transcription factor,” Mr. Cole says. And not only did the transcription factor spring into action, but the interleukin 6 gene was turned on, too—a good clue that he had the pathway right.

But that still wasn’t real life. If Mr. Cole was right about the connection between stress and disease, then a change in the GATA-1 binding site—the mutation noted by his computer program, a DNA difference that occurs in about 20 percent of the population—should keep the transcription factor from triggering so much inflammation. So people with that mutation might be healthier than those without it.

He went to a colleague who had DNA samples from a long-term study of older adults. That study had also surveyed people about their mental state, so researchers knew which ones were depressed—a good indicator that they’d been through stressful life events. People who were depressed at the beginning of the study and had the nonmutated sequence were twice as likely to die in the next 10 years as were others; those who had the mutation seemed to be protected. When Mr. Cole examined the data more closely, he saw that this was true only for deaths caused by diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, that are related to interleukin 6.

Because the connection held true for such inflammation-related diseases but not for deaths due to other causes, Mr. Cole became more convinced that he was on the right track. “I have to say, anytime things work out in the real world, frankly, it should be a surprise to those of us that do laboratory science. I assure you that there are many, many things that we discover that work fine in the test tube that don’t work out in the real world.”

Creative Techniques

Other researchers have been impressed by Mr. Cole’s results and by the combination of computer modeling, experimentation, and epidemiology he used to get there. “It’s a fine study,” says Gene E. Robinson, a neuroscientist, genome biologist, and professor of entomology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, who studies how the environment affects honeybee behavior. “It’s a very creative coupling of different kinds of techniques and different perspectives to provide one of the most complete analyses of, basically, how does the social environment get under the skin.”

There are certainly other pathways that link stress to disease. But Mr. Cole’s method points to a new way to find links between environment and health.

The next question is whether happiness might balance out stress in the cells. “We all secretly hope there’s a pill,” Mr. Cole says—some way to give everyone the benefit of that mutated GATA-1 binding site. Of course, living a calmer life might have the same effect, but not many people manage that.

“If people cannot or will not give up stress, is there something we can do biologically to help?” Mr. Cole asks. It’s a big question, one that will probably take research wide enough to span many disciplines to answer.

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An American in Paris

Finally! Your Freedom to Travel...

An American in Paris

 I think the American public is split into two categories when it comes to international travel: those who revel in it and those who are wary of it. If you fall into the latter category…you really don’t know what you’re missing.

 I would definitely not call myself a world traveler. Until a few years ago, my exploits outside the U.S. included only Canada, Mexico and the Bahamas…and all three of those countries are “Americanized” to some extent, certainly not too exotic. Then, I went to Paris for 10 memorable days, and that really gave me a taste of how broadening travel can be.

 We’re so used to the American way of life that it seems incredible that anyone would choose to live another way, but when you find yourself in a foreign city, you quickly realize “our way” isn’t the only way. Most Parisians, for instance, shop almost daily for food; they don’t stock up the way we do, so they can enjoy fresh ingredients…plus their kitchens are way smaller than ours.

 I did learn a few things about traveling abroad that it’s my pleasure to share with you:

  •  Unless you’re trying to emulate your usual experiences a la “The Accidental Tourist” (why?), stick to restaurants that don’t have their menus translated into English. We found those to be touristy, overpriced and non-authentic.
  • Don’t be an “ugly American.” We saw plenty of examples that made us cringe. Be respectful of local customs and at the very least, greet people in their language. “Bon jour” is not difficult to master.
  • Don’t expect all the comforts of home…and don’t complain about it. We were in Paris in early summer, and it was brutally hot for the last few days; we sweated along with the locals. Air conditioning is not a universal commodity.
  • Bring along great walking shoes. The car might be king in the U.S., but wonderful international destinations like Paris are best walked; remember, they were built long before cars were invented.

 I think many people shy away from international travel because they’re uncomfortable about having to communicate in a tongue other than English. The fact is, English is commonly spoken in many countries…but you shouldn’t count on it, especially if you have special dietary, health or other needs. (That’s when you need Rx: The Freedom to Travel Language Series.)

 Grab your passport and get out there!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LvglHa_P9BA  Gotta Love Gene Kelly!

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Motivational Speaker Robert Van Arlen

Finally! Your Freedom to Travel...

I have a special treat for you –  Robert Van Arlen has mentioned us on his trip to Europe. Make sure you take a look at the video at the bottom of the post.
 
I’d also like to share an excerpt from Robert’s blog so you can see why we’re lucky to have him as a fan. Enjoy!
 
Robert Van Arlen:  www.RobertVanArlen.com

Hello!
Some of the best lessons come from the most unlikely places. This month I share my insights learned from a very special person in my life who brings a wealth of experience we can all benefit from.

Thanks, Grandma, for reminding me of these important business and personal lessons.

*  *  *

We just entered a new decade and I was thinking of the person in my life that inspired me the most during what Time Magazine called the “the decade from hell,” the first decade of 2000. There is only one person who really stands out, and she is the same person that has inspired me my entire life. Her name is Salvina Walls, and you won’t find her on Facebook or Twitter, nor does she have an e-mail address. It’s not because she could not figure It out, because believe me she continues driving, even as she turned 89 last month, and she loves her cell phone. The lessons I’ve learned over the past decades from her will undoubtedly carry me through this next decade, which I believe will be the decade of positive change. Here are a few.

Never Lose Faith
No matter how tough it gets or how difficult it seems, just keep believing it will get better, and it will. She is one of those people that truly understands that growth comes during difficult times. We seem to turn off our growth spurt when things are going good. I discovered enrollment is at an all time high for a lot of academic institutions as I spoke around the country at various colleges and universities the latter part of this past decade. As I begin this year, I’m thinking about ways I can retool and invest in my personal growth because I do believe opportunity comes to those that have skills and are prepared.

Always Help Others

We think about helping those in need around the holidays, but what can we do on a consistent basis?  I was very fortunate growing up to see Grandma Walls open her home to feed the children and families in her neighborhood. She gave them an inspirational message of hope every time.  That sounds like coaching to me! It’s awesome to meet the people whose life she impacted in a positive way. The pay-it-forward mentality is the inspiration I receive from hearing their stories.

Earn the Respect of Family and Friends
Grandma Walls is the nucleus of our family and her friends.  She garners the utmost respect from everyone and is known to tell it like it is. I wonder what she would say to Mr. Tiger Woods. In some cases she doesn’t respond right away, but chooses to think and pray on the situation first. When she does decide to respond, it is meaningful and reveals a profound solution. I think about the opportunities I have to tell it like it is as I kick off this decade of change. I will take what I’ve learned from Grandma to earn the respect of my audiences, telling the truth of what will make a difference for each of them and their organizations.

Make a game plan and stick with it
Every year, Grandma Walls makes a commitment to her church. She determines what she wants to do in giving her support and makes a plan. She knows that there will be challenges along the way, but she stays committed and focused on what it will take to achieve her goal. I remember one year she committed to raise a certain amount and decided the best way was to bake her famous sweet potato pies. She established a price and knew in advance how many she had to sell to achieve her goal.   Grandma was very confident she would achieve that goal.  Having a plan combined with commitment and confidence are the winning ingredient for this upcoming year. I started mine in December and I’m happy to say it’s the most exciting plan I’ve ever developed. I’ve decided to dig deeper into new opportunities with new added strategies.  The bottom line is I’ve expanded my global reach with innovative marketing approaches. Now all I have to do is commit, be confident and never give up.

I wish everyone a successful 2010 and please don’t forget the lessons from Grandma Walls.

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Swiss Family (Insert Your Surname)

 

Finally! Your Freedom to Travel...

 Swiss Family (Insert Your Surname)

Do your summer vacation plans include taking the kids on a road-trip to the world’s largest ball of twine? Probably not (well, maybe close.) This year, have your kids shout with glee from a mountaintop. With a www.raileurope.com  Swiss Family Card, children 16 and under traveling with a parent can ride for FREE. This Card also includes access to over 400 museums throughout Switzerland. Highlights include the Zoological Garden in Basel, home to nearly 6000 animals and a magnificently landscaped garden in the heart of the city. Your kids can also jump like monkeys at the new trampoline complex Rigi Kulm At over 5900 feet above sea-level, it’s the highest trampoline in Switzerland. Now this is a family vacation your kids will love. So much so, they’ll literally be jumping for joy.

Some other Family Friendly activities in Switzerland include:

La Balade de la Sorciere – The Witches’ Walk

Val Bever fairytale trail – The fairytale trail from Bever

Neuchatel – The Mycorama International Mushroom Center

Masoala Rain Forest – A closed ecological system with several hundred animal and plant species

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